Sunday, September 30, 2012

People And Relationships


People in relationship:

• client (clients)
NOUN - A client of a professional person or organization is a person that receives a service from them in return for payment.
a solicitor and his client
The company requires clients to pay substantial fees in advance.

• colleague (colleagues)
NOUN - Your colleagues are the people you work with, especially in a professional job.
Female academics are still paid less than their male colleagues.
In the corporate world, the best sources of business are your former colleagues.

• employer (employers)
NOUN - Your employer is the person or organization that you work for.
employers who hire illegal workers
The telephone company is the country's largest employer.

• parent (parents)
NOUN - Your parents are your mother and father.
Children need their parents.
When you become a parent the things you once cared about seem to have less value.

• sibling (siblings)
NOUN - Your siblings are your brothers and sisters. [FORMAL]
Some studies have found that children are more friendly to younger siblings of the same sex.
Sibling rivalry often causes parents anxieties.

• spouse (spouses)
NOUN - Someone’s spouse is the person they are married to.
Husbands and wives do not have to pay any inheritance tax when their spouse dies.

Describing people:

• autonomous
ADJECTIVE - An autonomous person makes their own decisions rather than being influenced by someone else
They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.
the liberal idea of the autonomous individual

• consistent
ADJECTIVE - Someone who is consistent always behaves in the same way, has the same attitudes towards people or things, or achieves the same level of success in something.
Becker has never been the most consistent of players anyway.
his consistent support of free trade
a consistent character with a major thematic function

• conventional
ADJECTIVE - Someone who is conventional has behaviour and opinions that are ordinary and normal.
a respectable married woman with conventional opinions
this close, fairly conventional English family

• co-operative also cooperative
ADJECTIVE - If you say that someone is co-operative, you mean that they do what you ask them without complaining or arguing.
The president said the visit would develop friendly and co-operative relations between the two countries.
a contented and co-operative workforce

• efficient
ADJECTIVE - If something or someone is efficient, they are able to do tasks successfully, without wasting time or energy.
With today’s more efficient contraception women can plan their families and careers.
Technological advances allow more efficient use of labour.
an efficient way of testing thousands of compounds

• flexible
ADJECTIVE - Something or someone that is flexible is able to change easily and adapt to different conditions and circumstances.
more flexible arrangements to allow access to services after normal working hours
We encourage flexible working.

• idealistic
ADJECTIVE -  If you describe someone as idealistic, you mean that they have ideals, and base their behaviour on these ideals, even if this may be impractical.
Idealistic young people died for the cause.
an over-simplistic and idealistic vision of family dynamics

• tolerant
ADJECTIVE - If you describe someone as tolerant, you approve of the fact that they allow other people to say and do as they like, even if they do not agree with or like it.
[+of] They need to be tolerant of different points of view.
Other changes include more tolerant attitudes to unmarried couples having children.

• vulnerable
ADJECTIVE - Someone who is vulnerable is weak and without protection, with the result that they are easily hurt physically or emotionally.
Old people are particularly vulnerable members of our society.

Wednesday, September 26, 2012

Speaking Part 2: 'A Teenager'


A Teenager You Know

Describe a teenager who you know.
               You should say:
                           how old they are (= how old he or she is)
                           how and where you met him or her                            
                           what you and this person do together  
                           what kind of person he or she is (his or her personality)                          
               and explain how you feel about him or her. 
                                            or
              and explain whether you like or dislike this person and why 


I have a teenager friend in my home-town, in India. His name is Adarsh.  Actually he is the son of my next door neighbour and I have known him since he was born. He is 14 years of age but I must say that he is much taller than his age children !

As most of the teenagers, he does many things to fit in the modern stereotype, even if he dislikes it. One example of this is listening to mainstream music.  He listens to a lot of American music, which despite not being his favourite; he plays so loudly that I can hear it perfectly in my apartment. He is very energetic and intelligent boy but also little bit lazy and short-tempered.

But I love one thing about him and that is his dedication to whatever he does. He is kind of perfectionist from such a young age. He always ranks 1st or 2nd in his academic exams at school and is also very good at extra activities like dancing and sports. I guess he is an all-rounder.

He is the captain of his school cricket team and now also plays for the under 16 cricket team representing my hometown.  In India most boys love playing cricket but for Adarsh cricket is his passion, in fact his dream is to become a professional cricketer in future and play for the Indian cricket team.

When I go to India, we spend a lot of time in playing Cricket and also PlayStation. I personally love cricket, and playing video games is also my favourite pastime. So I think we both love same things and playing with him reminds me of my teenage life. He considers me as his elder sister and so whenever he has any problems he prefers to come to me. He often approaches me to solve his study problems, especially when he has to do some projects or assignments for school. I really think that he will excel in his life in whatever he does. I completely trust his abilities.

I love him very much and see him as my younger brother. Although we have almost 10 years of age difference, we share a special friendship bond between us. We always have lot of fun together   and sometimes have silly fights. At last I can say that I really miss him, he is a great kid.


(NOTE: This answer can also be used in various other question topics like - 'Describe your Neighbour', 'A Person from your family' {you can say he is your brother}, 'A happy person you know' {Just add some more characteristics that make him a happy person})

Tuesday, September 25, 2012

Speaking Part 2 - New Topics - September Onwards


Every four months some new speaking Part 2 topics are added to the examination. The following topics were asked worldwide during September and hence there is a possibility that these are the new topics from September onwards. Preparation of these cue card topics will be very helpful for the upcoming IELTS speaking exam. All the best.


1)  A Product You Were Dissatisfied With


Describe something that you bought that you were dissatisfied with.
            You should say:
                          what the item was
                          when and where you bought it  
                          why you bought it
            and explain why you were not happy with this product. 
                                             or
            explain what you did with the product after you found that it was unsatisfactory.


2)  A Home You Like 

Describe a beautiful house or flat that you have visited.
You should say:
        when you visited this home   
        where it was (or is)
        what it looked like
and explain why you liked it.


3)  A Film About a Real Person or Event

Describe a film about a real person or event that you have watched.
               You should say:
                               when (and where) you saw this film 
                               what person or event the film was about
                               what happened in the film 
                and explain how you felt about (or, explain your opinion of) this film.


4)  A Plan

Describe a plan you have for the future (but not related to work or study).
You should say:
        what it is
        why you have this plan
        what the first step in your plan is 
        what you will need to do in order to make the plan work 
and explain how you think you will feel after you achieve this. 

5)  A Garden

Describe a garden you visited and liked.
You should say:
        where it was
        what you saw in this garden
        what you did there 
and explain why you liked it

6)  A Lesson, Class or Training Session


Describe a class, seminar or training session that you enjoyed. 
You should say:
what the session was about
who the teacher or trainer was
what the teacher (and the students) did 
what you learned in this class or training session
               and explain why you enjoyed it


7)  A Teenager You Know


Describe a teenager who you know.
               You should say:
                           how old they are (= how old he or she is)
                           how and where you met him or her                            
                           what you and this person do together  
                           what kind of person he or she is (his or her personality)                          
               and explain how you feel about him or her. 
                                            or
              and explain whether you like or dislike this person and why 


8)  A Wrong Decision

Describe someone you know who made a wrong decision. 
You should say:
        who the person was
        what the situation was 
       what decision they made 
and explain why you think it was the wrong decision. 

9)  A Traditional Event


Describe an important traditional event (in your culture/country).
                You should say:
when this event is held
who attends this event (or, who is involved in this event) 
what people do during this event
and explain why this event is important. 


10)  A Person You Enjoy Talking To


Describe a person you enjoy talking with.
You should say:
how often you speak with this person (or, how long you usually spend talking to each other)
when you usually talk with him/her
what topics you usually speak about
               and explain why you enjoy speaking to them (= him or her).


11)  A Project 


Describe a project or some work that you did with others.
                You should say:
what the project or work was.
                                 when you did this
                                 who was with you
                                 how easy or difficult it was 
                and explain why you did this with other people.
                        or
and explain why how you felt about doing this with other people. 


11)  A Way to Relax

Describe a way to relax that you find effective. 
You should say:
what you do (or, how you relax) 
(when you usually do this )
where you usually do it
who is usually with you at this place 
               and explain why this is relaxing for you.


12)  A Meal You Like to Eat

Describe a meal (or dish) that you like to eat.
               You should say:
                                   what it is
                                   where you usually eat it
                                   what the meal is made of  (= what is in the meal or dish)
                and explain why you like it.


13)  Something You Learned from a Family Member

Describe something useful you learned from a member of your family.
You should say:
        what it was
        who you learned it from
        how you learned it
and explain why you think it is useful.

14)  A Meaningful Song

Describe a song that has (special) meaning for you.

You should say:
        what song it is
        when you first heard it
        what the song is about 
and explain why this song has special meaning for you.

15)  An Unusual Job

Describe an unusual job you would (like to) do, if you had the opportunity.
You should say:
        what job it would be 
        what you would do in that job
        why this job is unusual 
                         and explain why you would like to do that job. 


16)  An Old Photograph

Describe an old photograph that you like. 

                You should say:
who took the photo
when it was taken
where it was taken
and explain why you like it.


17)  A Good Neighbour

Describe a good neighbour of yours.
                     You should say:
                                    how long you have known this neighbour
                                    what sort of person they are
                                    how often you see them                            
                     and explain why you consider this person to be a good neighbour. 








































Wednesday, September 19, 2012

General Writing Task 1: Letter 7


You have arranged a plan for travel and accommodation for your friends. Write a letter to them and
- remind them about the plans, 
- give them the details of accommodation,
- suggest what things they should bring to the trip.

Dear Leena and Jalpa,

Hope this letter finds you in radiant health and the best of spirits. I am writing this letter to remind you about our plan of visiting Goa next month.

When we met at the class reunion last month, we talked about visiting Goa in March. I have made all the arrangements. I have booked our train tickets from Delhi. I have also booked hotel Delmon in Panaji for the entire period. It is a very nice hotel and is very near the Calangute beach.

We shall be visiting the various beaches in Goa and also the churches. There is also a two hours cruise which is very very good as I have heard from my uncle who has been there many times. We shall also be doing various water activities on the beaches. The climate in Goa is very pleasant in the month of March, so you need to bring cool cotton clothes and of course your swimsuits with you.

Looking forward to seeing you at Delhi railway station on the 12th of March.

Yours lovingly,
Vidhi.



(Courtesy: Kiran Makkar)

General Writing task 1: Letter 6


You have planned to study in Australia. You have sent a letter to a college, but you have not received a reply from the college. Write a letter to the college principal. In your letter,
- you should give details of the course that you wished to do,
- say why do you choose to study at the college,
- say why you need the reply soon.

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing this letter to enquire about the „Diploma in International Cookery‟ that your college is offering. I wrote earlier also but did not get any reply.

I wish to do the „Diploma in International Cookery‟ in your college. This is a very interesting course and after doing the course I would have a very bright future in this field. Chefs are earning telephone figure salaries nowadays. I would like to know when the next intake of the course is, so that I can apply in time and I would also like to know the fee structure. I would also like to know if there are any pre-requisites for doing this course.

I have chosen your college to study because elsewhere, this course is of two years duration but in your college it is of 15 months duration. Moreover, I have heard that you have got very good faculty and infrastructure. Campus placement rate of your college is also the best. So, for all the above reasons, your college is my first choice for doing this course.

It would be very kind of you if you could reply soon so that I can make alternative arrangement for my future study if I cannot get admission in your college.

Hoping for a prompt reply from your side.

Yours faithfully,
Matt Camden.



(Courtesy: Kiran Makkar)

General Writing Task 1: Letter 5


You are a football player, but you have to leave the team for a while, write a letter to your team-mate and say:
- why you have to leave,
- how much you love the football team,
- when you are coming back.

Dear Anil,

Hope this letter finds you in radiant health and the best of spirits. I am writing this letter to inform you that I shall not be able to play for our team for some time as my grandfather has suffered a stroke and so I am going home to look after him.

You know how much I love football and our team. Playing football is a passion for me and the best time of my life is when I am on the football ground. However, one has to set priorities in life and my family comes before anything else. My grandfather is the most important person in my life. He has always been my friend, philosopher and guide. He is the one who motivated me to play football. What I am today is because of him. Now he has suffered a stroke and his left side is paralysed. He needs good care and a lot of physiotherapy which I can provide better than anyone else.

I shall be back as soon as my grandfather is fit and able to walk on his own. It may take a few weeks to few months but I am sure I shall be able to get him on his feet very soon. Hoping to see you all very soon.

Yours truly,
Mohit.



(Courtesy: Kiran Makkar)

General Writing Task 1: Letter 4


Write a letter to a manager whose company is constructing their new office next to your apartment.
- Introduce yourself
- Describe problems you are facing because of this
- Suggest solutions

Dear Sir,

I am Matt Camden, a resident of Dreamland Society. Your company is constructing its new office right next to my apartment. I am writing this letter to complain about the problems I am facing because of the construction work.

The main problem I am facing is that the construction workers dump the bricks and cement in front of my house because of which I find it difficult to park my car and scooter. Secondly, they spill so much water during their work that the whole area has become slippery. I have elderly parents at home who find it difficult to go anywhere because of the fear of slipping. Finally, the workers play very loud music on their radios the whole day long which is very disturbing.

It would be very kind of you if you look into the matter urgently. The bricks and cement could be dumped into the vacant plot on the back side of the building. The masons should be guided to use the water with the help of pipes so that there is less spillage. Finally, if they have to listen to music while working then at least there should be some check on the volume of the music.

Hoping from a prompt action from you regarding this matter.

Yours faithfully,
Matt Camden.



(Courtesy: Kiran Makkar)

General Writing Task 1: Letter 3


You have heard that your company is organising a language training abroad for a limited number of participants. Write a letter of interest:-
- state your position in your company
- explain why they should include you in the training
- explain how your training could benefit you and your company

Dear Sir,

I am writing this letter to request you to consider my name for the German language training course that you are organising in Berlin.

I have been working as a deputy manager in the Human Resources Department of your company for the last three years. I am in charge of 500 workers working in the company. More than 30% of the workforce is from other countries out of which 20% is from Germany alone. So, you can well understand why it is imperative for me to attend this course.

This course would benefit me a lot. I would be able to interact with the 100 or so employees from Germany. The communication gap with them has led to misunderstandings and this has in turn hampered their work efficiency. After doing this course I would prove an asset to the company.

Doing this course in Germany would also help me in understanding their culture and way of life. We could provide our German employees a better work atmosphere. This would raise the productivity of the company as a whole.

Hoping for a favourable response from you in this matter.

Thanking you.

Yours faithfully,
Vidhi.



(Courtesy: Kiran Makkar)

General Writing Task 1: Letter 2


You would like to work overseas, write a letter to an employment agency. Write:-
- what job you would like to apply
- what companies are you looking for
- why do you want to work overseas

Dear Sir,

I am writing with reference to your advertisement in the local „Employment News‟ magazine for want of various categories of workers in New Zealand. I consider that my credentials match the category of certified nursing assistants and I want to apply for the same. I am enclosing my CV for this job.

Presently, I am deputed as a nurse at Regional Hospital. I have been working here for the last two years. During these years I have equipped myself with all the nursing functions, which include taking and recording temperature, blood pressure, pulse and respiratory rates along with cleaning, sterilising and preparing treatment trays. Strong communication skills and reacting actively to emergency situations has made me an organised nursing assistant.

Although I am enjoying my present job, I am looking for new opportunities in the developed world. I am sure that working in New Zealand would broaden my horizons even further, and on coming back, I would be able to serve my people even further.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact me at 9888195776. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours faithfully,
Vidhi.



(Courtesy: Kiran Makkar)

Wednesday, September 5, 2012

Correction 1


ORIGINAL:

It is true that the growing tendency of advertising is all around us , and becoming an unavoidable part of everyone, the dilemma of whether it is positive for us or negative has already become an controversial issue in recent years. While advertising indeed has some benefits, there are also several drawbacks which are worth considering.

On the one hand, advertising will make contributions for booming the economy. In other words, it can be beneficial to marketing, among with the consumption is stimulated, becomes the most favorite way of promoting products. At the mean time, it also build up a feasible channel for consumers to purchase what they want, which is very crucial given the fast pace of life today.

On the other hand, it can not fail to take into account the negative impacts from advertising. Firstly, consumers may be mislead form fake advertisement, which means the products' performance can not be matched with what they promised. What is worse, consumers may get injured from unqualitied medical products, which may cause disastrous impacts. 

Secondly, advertisements will advocate consumerism and cause people to be extravagant. Especially, youngsters, who will be influenced easily from peer, they may purchase what tempts them without the insight of what they need actually. Taking China as an instance, with Apple becoming an icon culture globally, a large number of Chinese freshmen require their parents buy all Apple products before they go to college, which is not extremely necessary for their schooling.

In conclusion, there is no doubt that advertising can make benefits by bringing huge profit to businesses, while, it may hurts clients both physically and psychologically. Thus, I think the advantages of advertisements are overweigh than disadvantages.



CORRECTION:



It is true that the growing tendency of advertising is all around us , and is becoming an unavoidable part of everyone,. The dilemma of whether it is positive for us or negative has already become a controversial issue in recent years. While advertising indeed has some benefits, there are also several drawbacks which are worth considering.

On the one hand, advertising will make contributions for booming the economy. In other words, it can be beneficial to marketing, among with the consumption is stimulated, becomes the most favorite way of promoting products. In the mean time, it also builds up a feasible channel for consumers to purchase what they want, which is very crucial given the fast pace of life today.

On the other hand, we can not fail to take into account the negative impacts of advertising. Firstly, consumers may be mislead by fake advertisement, which means the products' performance cannot be matched with what they have promised. What is worse, consumers may get injured from poor quality medical products, which may cause disastrous impacts.

Secondly, advertisements will advocate consumerism and cause people to be extravagant. Especially, youngsters, who will be easily influenced from peers, may purchase what tempts them without the insight of what they need actually. Taking China as an instance, with Apple becoming an icon culture globally, a large number of Chinese freshmen require their parents buy all Apple products before they go to college, which is not extremely necessary for their schooling.

In conclusion, there is no doubt that advertising can be beneficial by bringing huge profit to businesses, while, it may hurts hurt clients both physically and psychologically. Thus, I think the advantages of advertisements are overweigh its/the disadvantages.

Tuesday, September 4, 2012

Vocabulary Chapter 6: Environment

1. GEOGRAPHY

    • north
    • south
    • east
    • west
    • northern/southern hemisphere
    • latitude
    • longitude

2. SEA
    • ocean
    • gulf
    • maritime
    • current
    • flow
    • salinity

3. LAND
    • continent
    • coast
    • landmass
    • mountain range

4. CLIMATE
    • atmosphere
    • high/low pressure
    • humid
    • mild
    • (sub-)tropical
    • monsoon
    • trade winds
    • moisture
    • precipitation
    • flood
    • drought





Vocabulary Chapter 5: Energy


1. TYPES OF POWER:

    • (hydro-)electric
    • solar
    • nuclear
    • coal-/gas-/oil-fired
    • wave
    • wind
    • geothermal
    • biomass

2. TYPES OF FUEL
    • (non-)renewable source
    • fossil fuel
    • radioactive
    • uranium

3. PLACES
    • (nuclear) power station
    • wind farm
    • dam

4. WORKING PARTS
    • (wind) turbine
    • solar panel
    • reactor
    • generator
    • transformer

5. VERBS
    • generate
    • produce
    • collect
    • store
    • burn
    • transmit
    • distribute